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"From my travels around the world I have seen how much damage and pollution is done by the careless disposal of waste. It is also evident that we in the West produce far more and throw away far more than the developing world, almost without thinking"

Michael Palin, writer, actor and traveller - Quotes Corner


Hambledon Hill, Dorset - by Mark Simons (with no waste in sight!)

Strategies & Actions

The strategies and related actions to help the South West region move towards a low waste future are listed below under the following themes:

  1. Regional Waste Strategy

  2. The Landfill Allowance Trading Scheme (LATS)

  3. Waste Minimisation in Business & the Public Sector

The draft Regional Spatial Strategy (RSS) that was submitted to Government on 24th April 2006, includes regional policies and targets that support a low waste future for the region and contribute to delivering the regional waste strategy (see below). The RSS provides policy guidance on minerals extraction and waste treatment. Following the public consultation (June - August 2006), the Examination in Public ('EiP' - completed July 2007), publication of the Panel Report, on 10 January 2008, and publication of the Secretary of State's response in Spring 2008, the final RSS should be in place by autumn 2008. The RSS documentation can be found on the website of the SW Regional Assembly.

The South West Regional Observatory's website has a dedicated page on waste at swenvo.org.uk/environment/waste.asp that usefully provides comprehensive information and data on the management of waste, waste trends including waste arising/recycling rates & local authority recycling performance against targets in the South West as well as other related information.


1. Regional Waste Strategy

The regional waste strategy for the South West, "From Rubbish to Resource", was launched on 19 October 2004 by the SW Regional Assembly. This aims to ensure that by the year 2020 over 45% of waste is recycled and reused and less than 20% of waste produced in the region will be landfilled. The Strategy identifies a number of key areas for action by the people of the region and by organisations with particular reference to adopting the ‘waste hierarchy’ so that:

• First we seek to reduce the amount of waste we all produce
• Second we reuse as much as possible
• Third we recycle
• Fourth we recover as much value as we can from what is left

Only as a last resort should we dispose of the left over waste and then we should:

• always dispose of waste as close as possible to where it is produced
• make sure we always look for solutions which give the best practicable outcome environmentally
• work together across geographic boundaries for more effective solutions to waste issues

Click here
From Rubbish to Resource to view the strategy on the Regional Assembly's website.

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2. The Landfill Allowance Trading Scheme (LATS)

Launched in April 2005, the Landfill Allowance Trading Scheme (LATS) is intended to provide a cost effective way of enabling England to meet its targets for reducing the landfilling of biodegradable municipal waste under Article 5(2) of the EC Landfill Directive (75% of that produced in 1995 by 2010, then to 50% by 2013 and finally 35% by 2020).

The Waste and Emissions Trading Act (2003) provides the legal framework for the scheme and for the allocation of tradable landfill allowances to each waste disposal authority (i.e. local authorities) in England. These allowances will convey the right for a waste disposal authority to landfill a certain amount of biodegradable municipal waste in a specified scheme year.

Each waste disposal authority will be able to determine how to use its allocation of allowances in the most effective way. It will be able to trade allowances with other authorities, save (bank) them for future years or use some of its future allowances in advance (borrow). This will allow individual waste disposal authorities to use their allowances in accordance with their investment strategy.

The Environment Agency reports on the LATS scheme in each unitary and waste disposal authority in England each year by November, after trading ends on 30 September. For their latest report, click here:
EA - LATS.

The 2006/7 report was published by the Environment Agency on 31.10.07. All 121 authorities in England were within their allocated annual allowances, with 10 authorities using the flexibility of trading. England was 20% under its 2006/7 allowance and is around 350,000 tonnes away from meeting the first EU target for 2010. The South West was 14.9% within its allocation.

Click here for further details about LATS on the Defra website: LATS.

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3. Waste Minimisation in Business & the Public Sector

South West Energy & Environmental Management Groups
SW EEMGs are independent forums providing continuing professional development, information exchange, specialist training and networking for professionals & managers in industry, commerce and the public sector. Their remit includes the promotion of waste minimisation.

ENVEC
The South West's main energy and environmental management event.

Sustainable Business
This web page on www.oursouthwest.com provides comprehensive information and links to local, regional and national support programmes and schemes (including Envirowise and Envirowise - SW) covering waste minimisation and other environmental management issues including product design. It also features special management guides including the highly popular "Resource Efficiency & Corporate Responsibility - Managing Change" guide as a management tool for changing the culture of organisations towards improved and sustained resource efficiency.

Waste Matters - help, information and best practice advice from the Environment Agency to help ensure business complies with the latest waste regulations.

Food - Love Food Hate Waste - WRAP's programme to help reduce the nation's food waste (we throw away a third of the food we buy and most goes to landfill).

Pioneers of Packaging - an initiative from Sustainability South West that includes 'Pioneers of Packaging Awards' and their unique consumer packaging guide 'Packaging unwrapped'. This project promotes sustainable packaging as a practical response to the region's resource efficiency challenge and the need to reduce the volume of packaging waste.

Future Foundations - the sustainable construction charter for the South West supporting low waste construction methods.

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Waste Facts & Stats

Why?

The South West of England, like other English regions, is facing a mounting waste problem: we cannot continue to create and dispose of our waste as we have done so in the past. We are running out of landfill space and sending waste to landfill is no longer the best or safest way for dealing with waste.

The Environment Agency's anti fly-tipping poster
The Environment Agency (SW)'s anti fly-tipping poster
(click on image for larger pdf version)

The growing number of people who live in and visit the South West region, means more and more waste has to be dealt with. Every year the South West produces around:

  2.5 million tonnes of domestic waste;
  5.5 million tonnes of commercial & industrial waste;
  12.5 million tonnes of construction and demolition waste.
  Data source: "From Rubbish to Resource" - the Regional Waste Strategy for the South West 2004-2020

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Towards a low waste South West - the national context

In England and Wales the combination of industry, commerce and household waste amounts to over 100 million tonnes annually (excluding construction and demolition waste) - and continues to grow (up 1.3% in England from 2005/6 to 2006/7). While waste cannot be eliminated, in the South West we can reduce its environmental impact by preventing waste wherever possible, and making more sustainable use of the waste that is produced.

Household recycling and composting rate in England increased to 31% in 2006/7 from 27% in 2005/6 (the UK's recycling target for 2005/06 was 25%), total municipal waste increased by 1.4% to 29.1 million tonnes, and total municipal waste to landfill decreased by 1 million tonnes to 16.9 million tonnes (data source: Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs).

The Government's vision for sustainable waste management is set out in The Waste Strategy for England 2007, published on 24 May 2007. A prime objective is to decouple waste growth (in all sectors) from economic growth and put more emphasis on waste prevention and re-use. The future recycling targets as set out in the 2007 waste strategy are:-
 • recycling and composting of household waste: at least 40% by 2010, 45% by 2015 and 50% by 2020; and
 • recovery of municipal waste: 53% by 2010, 67% by 2015 and 75% by 2020.

The South West region's household recycling rate was second highest in England for 2006/7 at 37.2%, up from 31.4% in 2005/6 (source: Defra).

The UK is also committed to reducing the amount of biodegradable municipal waste landfilled, in accordance with European Directives.

For further information on UK recycling and waste strategies and the actions being taken at a national level, click here to access the relevant pages concerning waste on the website of the: Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra).

PPS10 Planning for Sustainable Waste Management (July 2005) replaced Planning Policy Guidance Note 10 (Planning and Waste Management) published in 1999 and forms part of the national waste management plan for the UK. The key planning objectives under PPS 10 for sustainable waste management include:
• the delivery of sustainable development through driving waste management up the waste hierarchy;
• communities should take more responsibility for their own waste;
• secure the recovery or disposal of waste without endangering human health and without harming the environment, and enable waste to be disposed of in one of the nearest appropriate installations; and
• ensure the design and layout of new development supports sustainable waste management.
PPS10 can be found on the website of the Department for Communities and Local Government (DCLG), click here for link: Planning Policy Statement 10: Planning for Sustainable Waste Management.

Electrical waste regulations published 12 December 2006. Producers of electrical goods were required from July 2007 to meet the environmental costs of dealing with waste products under new rules published by the Department of Trade & Industry on 12 December 2006. The Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) Regulations were laid before Parliament by Science Minister Malcolm Wickes following extensive consultation. All companies who import, manufacture and rebrand electrical and electronic equipment will have to finance its treatment, recovery and environmentally safe disposal. The arrangements recognise that this is the responsibility of those who produce the goods, and supports broader Government initiatives for dealing with waste that focus on producer responsibility. By 15 March 2007 producers needed to have joined an approved producer compliance scheme to enable compliance with the Directive from 1 July 2007. Also announced on 12 December 2006 was the appointment of Valpak Retail WEEE Services as the operator of the Distributor Take-back Scheme (DTS) funded by £10m from retailers. The scheme establishes a network of designated collection facilities where consumers can get rid of their electrical waste. The money will primarily be paid to local authorities to assist in the improvement of civic amenity sites so that electrical waste can be separately collected there. For further information visit the WEEE pages on the Department for Business, Enterprise and Regulatory Reform (BERR) website: BERR-WEEE.

This website, "low waste south west", brings together the strategies and related actions being taken to help move the South West region towards a low waste future. These are listed on the left-hand side of this page.

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Waste Facts & Stats

Developed countries use 11 tonnes of raw material to produce 1 tonne of product - DETR (1998)

Nationally, Americans throw away enough aluminium every three months to rebuild their entire commercial air fleet - US Dept of Energy (2002)

The USA consumes 20% of its human population’s weight in resources in any one day (2003)

Recycling an aluminium can uses less than 5% of the energy used to make the original product - US EPA (2007)

Recycling steel and tin cans saves between 60 - 74% of the energy used to produce them from raw materials - US EPA (2007)

The recyclng of steel packaging in Europe saves enough energy to power three large cities the size of Sheffield each year - Corus (2007)

Steel recycling in the United States saves the energy equivalent to electrical power for about one-fifth of American households for one year - Steel Recycling Institute, according to US EPA (2007)

Producing recycled paper requires about 60% of the energy used to make paper from virgin wood pulp - US EPA (2007)

Producing new plastic from recycled material uses only two-thirds of the energy required to manufacture it from raw materials - US EPA (2007)

434 million tonnes of waste are produced in Britain each year, enough to fill the Albert Hall in London every two hours - Environment Agency (2005)

…since the middle of the 20th century, humankind has consumed more natural resources than in all previous human history - Margaret Beckett, Secretary of State, Defra (March 2005)

93% of production materials are never used in the final product and 80% of products are discarded after a single use - Martin Gibson, Director, Envirowise, addressing ENVEC (2003)

90% of the resources we use in the UK ends up in landfill sites, as effluent, or air emissions - Environment Agency (1998)

A £1,000 wedding ring - equivalent to one ounce of gold - creates up to 30 tons of toxic waste. To produce that single ounce, miners have to quarry hundreds of tons of rock, which are then doused in a liquid cyanide solution to separate the gold - The real price of gold, Daniel Howden (2005)

Over 46,000 pieces of plastic litter floating in every square mile of ocean – UNEP (June 2006)

100,000 dolphins, whales, seals and turtles are killed every year by plastic bags being dumped into the oceans - Sea Change by Richard Girling (2007)

A "plastic soup" of waste floating in the Pacific Ocean is growing at an alarming rate and now covers an area twice the size of the continental United States - The Independent (February 2008)

7 billion tonnes of solid waste enters the world’s oceans annually - Ecohouse, Australia (2007)

If each of the UK's 10 million office workers used one less staple each day, 120 tonnes of steel would be saved each year. Use a paper clip instead - Environment Agency (2007)

Mobile phones: In the UK we buy 18 million new handsets a year...we discard 1,000 mobile phones every half hour...just a small percentage of those get sent for re-use or recycling - Channel 4 programme 'Dumped' (September 2007)

Batteries: We buy one billion in the UK each year. Most go into [end up in] landfill. But new EU legislation will require us to recycle around 50 per cent - Environment Agency (2007)

Plastic bags: 17.5 billion are picked up from shops each year [in the UK] - Environment Agency (2007)

Just 8.7 checkout bags contain enough embodied petroleum energy to drive a car 1 kilometre - Ecohouse, Australia (2007)

Food waste: In the UK we throw away a third (= 6.7m tonnes) of the food we buy at a cost of £8 billion a year and most goes to landfill. If we could halt the amount of food being wasted we would make a big impact; the same as taking 1 in 5 cars off UK roads - WRAP (November 2007)

About 44% of junk mail is never opened or read - Technology Partnership Initiative (TPI) News (January 2007)

744 million Christmas cards are thrown away every year [in the UK] - the equivalent of 248,000 trees - Business in the Community (2007)

In 1980 before the introduction of the PC, world office paper consumption averaged 70 million tonnes a year – by 1997 it had more than doubled to almost 150 million tonnes - Global Action Plan's 'An Inefficient Truth' report (2007)

Note. GOSW accepts no responsibility for the accuracy or sources of the facts and statistics listed and we apologise if we have mistakenly misrepresented any of these. Please remember to credit the author when reproducing any of the facts/statistics listed on this website.


Sustainability, Climate & Environment Directorate,
Government Office for the South West



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